Multiple inventions are going on in the world every day. The world of science is dominated by something new every day. Cures for diseases are being invented while other things are being tested. During the past few years, we have seen that Covid made its move to dominate the world, but the people fought back, and here we are. Due to the vaccines and medicines available, we could battle this virus because it took the world in the palm of its hands.
While other things are taking their course, scientists have been working day and night to introduce themselves to recombinant proteins. We will dive deeper into their products and how they are generated.
Pichia Pastoris:
Pichia Pastoris plays an integral part in the production of recombinant proteins.
Before getting into the diversity of the proteins, you need to know that they are generated from Pichia Pastoris.
- Pichia Pastoris was first recognized when it was found in a chestnut tree in France. The hype about it was created from there, and the rest is history.
- After its discovery, it was used to create a methylotrophic microorganism that used carbon and methanol as its energy source.
- Scientists have been finding endless ways to create recombinant proteins from Pichia Pastoris for the past 20 years because it is the host for these proteins. Without its presence, these proteins can not be created.
- Different promoters are involved in this process which helps in the smooth production of the protein. These promoters are often methanol, glucose, and glycerol.
Advantages of Pichia Pastoris:
There are multiple advantages of Pichia Pastoris that can’t be ignored:
- Complex proteins: Pichia pastoris holds the ability to create complex solid proteins. Different machinery with the latest technology can help you create the most complex proteins.
- Similar to CHO cells: By now, we all know the use of Pichia Pastoris. Although it is used to produce recombinant proteins, its properties are very similar to the eukaryotic expression system. Now we know a similarity between a protein expression system and a eukaryotic expression system. In simple terms, you can call a eukaryotic system CHO cells.
Every microorganism has its advantages and disadvantages. In the eukaryotic system, there is a need for excessive amounts of the plasmid. Two leading promoters are used during this process to produce a recombinant protein.
Methanol Concentration: The concentration of methanol during this entire process needs to be monitored. It should not go above 0.5%. The concentration of methanol is only tolerable until 5%. After that, it starts to become intolerable and can stop the production of the proteins aswell.
Phases of the protein:
The genes in Pichia pastoris have to go through three steps to make a recombinant protein.
- Cloning of a gene into the best possible expression vector
- Inserting the vector into the genome that is present in Pichia Pastoris
- Trials of the newly created recombinant proteins
The process of the generation of recombinant proteins takes time. We have seen multiple complex additions and subtractions in the whole process that lead to the generation of recombinant proteins.
