Materials

Flow chart outlining the determination of flood generating mechanisms for each flood event. Mechanisms include: Snowmelt (Melt), rain‐on‐snow (ROS), short‐duration, high‐intensity rain with different soil antecedent moisture conditions (AMC): dry (SR− ), normal (SR), wet (SR+), and long‐duration, lower‐intensity rain classified by AMC: dry (LR− ), normal (LR), and wet (LR+). Credit: Earth’s Future (2024). … Read more

Developing cumulus clouds. Credit: Yang Gao As global warming continues, convective weather events are becoming more frequent. The early stage of these storms, known as convective initiation (CI), can be monitored using geostationary satellites. However, detecting CI accurately remains a challenge. The current detection methods still have a high rate of false alarms and missed … Read more

Credit: Unsplash/CC0 Public Domain While violence prevention education has increased in U.S. schools, only one in 10 schools today require violence prevention discussions in class, according to research presented during the American Academy of Pediatrics 2024 National Conference & Exhibition at the Orange County Convention Center. Chloe Gao, MD/Ph.D. Candidate and lead research author on … Read more

Researchers unveil a novel tandem catalyst approach to selectively convert biomass waste into valuable chemicals, marking a significant step towards sustainable biofuel production. Credit: Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Materials Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante The global demand for sustainable energy sources has intensified the search for environmentally friendly alternatives to fossil fuels. … Read more

Structure of an epithelial cell, with its apical side at the top and its basolateral sides on the bottom and sides. Far right: the length of a protein’s cytoplasmic tail determines its sorting location. Credit: Ian Macara. Christian de Caestecker, a Ph.D. student in the lab of Ian Macara, Louise B. McGavock Professor and chair … Read more

Projected area-weighted subregional changes in seasonal precipitation (2070–2099 relative to 1985–2014). Credit: npj Climate and Atmospheric Science (2024). DOI: 10.1038/s41612-024-00761-8 Most Americans can expect wetter winters in the future due to global warming, according to a new study led by a University of Illinois Chicago scientist. Using climate models to investigate how winter precipitation in … Read more

Warming causes melting in the active layer, which expands deeper into the permafrost. Meltwater then enters the salty cryopeg through osmosis, causing the expansion of the cryopeg, which cracks the overlying permafrost. When those cracks reach the surface, the rapid decrease in pressure in the cryopeg damages the methane hydrates below and triggers a rapid … Read more

The Topographic Map illustrates the landing sites of the Chang’E Missions, Apollo Missions, and Luna Missions. Credit: NAOC A team of Chinese scientists has studied the first lunar farside samples brought back by the Chang’e-6 mission. The findings mark a significant milestone in lunar exploration science and technical exploration capability. The study was published in … Read more

Fusiform rust disease causes deformities, as seen here, that cause the loblolly pine’s wood to be unusable, and severely damaged trees are often culled. Credit: Robert L. Anderson, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org New models developed by University of Georgia researchers may help guide the fight against rust disease, according to a new study. The paper … Read more

Credit: Diva Plavalaguna from Pexels Conflict in families can negatively affect individuals’ well-being and relationships. But what exactly do families today fight about, and is conflict in the home generally more severe between couples or between parents and children? A new study from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign explores these topics, shedding light on important … Read more