What is the Net Selectivity Ratio?
In simple terms, the net selectivity ratio is a measure of a portfolio manager’s stock-picking skills. It looks at how well the manager can choose individual securities that outperform their benchmarks or market indexes. The ratio isolates the returns that arise purely from the active selection of securities rather than external market factors like overall economic conditions or trends within a sector.A positive net selectivity ratio indicates that the manager has selected securities that have outperformed the market or sector benchmarks. Conversely, a negative ratio suggests poor stock selection that resulted in underperformance relative to the benchmark.
Also Read | 55 equity mutual funds have a portfolio turnover ratio of over 100%. How should you interpret this?
Breaking down mutual fund performance
When analyzing mutual fund returns, performance is typically attributed to three main components:
- Market return (Beta): This is the return that can be attributed to the general market’s performance. Every security moves, to some degree, with the market, and this is captured by the market return.
- Sector allocation: This refers to the manager’s ability to allocate the fund’s assets into the right sectors at the right time. Strong sector allocation can enhance returns if the manager correctly predicts which industries or sectors will outperform.
- Stock selection (Selectivity): This is where the net selectivity ratio comes in. It reflects how well the individual securities chosen by the fund manager perform, relative to a benchmark index. It separates the alpha (excess return) generated from picking specific stocks from the beta-driven returns that come from market movements.
Calculating return due to net selectivity
To isolate the return due to net selectivity, analysts often use models such as the Jensen’s Alpha or Treynor-Black model, which seek to distinguish the component of returns attributable to stock selection from market factors.
In a simplified form, the return due to selectivity can be calculated as:
Return Due to Selectivity = Portfolio Return − Expected Return
Where:
- Portfolio Return is the actual return of the fund.
- Expected Return is what the fund should have returned based on its market exposure (beta), sector allocation, and overall market conditions.
Also Read | Explained: What is MF Lite for passive mutual funds which is soon to be introduced by Sebi
Importance of net selectivity in mutual fund analysis
For investors, understanding the net selectivity ratio provides a clearer picture of a fund manager’s true skill. While many funds will generate positive returns in a rising market, the net selectivity ratio identifies whether those returns are due to astute stock picks or simply market momentum.
A high return due to net selectivity can signal that the manager is adept at identifying undervalued stocks or market inefficiencies. However, it is important to note that consistently generating positive selectivity returns is challenging and not always sustainable over the long term. Market conditions, fund size, and investment strategies can all impact a manager’s ability to continue selecting outperforming stocks.
Example
Let’s consider a mutual fund with a total return of 12% over a given year. If the general market (represented by a benchmark index) returned 8%, and the manager’s sector allocation added another 1%, the remaining 3% of the total return would be attributed to net selectivity.
In this case, the 3% represents the manager’s ability to pick specific securities that outperformed, demonstrating their stock-picking skill and yielding an excess return due to selectivity.
The return due to net selectivity ratio is a key factor in evaluating the performance of actively managed mutual funds. For investors looking for funds with high alpha potential, understanding this metric can offer deeper insights into the true value that a fund manager brings. However, it is crucial to combine this analysis with other performance measures to make well-rounded investment decisions, as stock-picking prowess may vary depending on market cycles and economic conditions.
