(NewsNation) — The National Transportation Safety Board will hold an investigative hearing Tuesday in Washington, D.C., on the Jan. 5 Alaska Airlines midflight door plug blowout.
The hearing is expected to be the most comprehensive analysis of why the door plug separated and blew off the Boeing 737 Max aircraft at 16,000 feet in the sky.
The accident further tarnished Boeing’s safety reputation and left it facing new legal jeopardy.
NTSB hearing: What to expect
The two-day hearing could provide new insight into the Jan. 5 accident, which caused a loud boom and left a gaping hole in the side of the Alaska Airlines jet.
The NTSB has said in a preliminary report that four bolts that help secure the panel, which covers a hole where an emergency exit door can be placed, were not replaced after a repair job in a Boeing factory. However, the company has said the work was not documented.
During the two-day hearing, NTSB members are expected to question Boeing officials about the lack of paperwork that might have explained how such a potentially tragic mistake occurred. Board members are also expected to hear testimony from the company that manufactured the door plug, Spirit AeroSystems.
Testimony is also expected from the International Association of Machinists and the Federal Aviation Administration.
Tuesday’s hearing will focus on the production of Boeing 737 Max 9 planes and aircraft inspections.
The safety board will not determine a probable cause after the hearing. That could take another year or longer. It is calling the unusually long hearing a fact-finding step.
The goal of the two-day hearing will be for the NTSB to complete its investigation and later make safety recommendations.
Alaska Airlines door plug blowout
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The bottom section of door plug from the Alaska Airlines Flight 1282’s Boeing 737-9 MAX airplane is shown at the National Transportation Safety Board laboratory, in Washington, Tuesday, July 30, 2024. (AP Photo/Manuel Balce Ceneta) -
The door plug from the Alaska Airlines Flight 1282’s Boeing 737-9 MAX airplane is shown at the National Transportation Safety Board laboratory, in Washington, Tuesday, July 30, 2024. The door plug is showing some signs of wearing out, scratches caused by rubbing against hard surfaces and a gap on the top section above the window (front bottom of the picture). (AP Photo/Manuel Balce Ceneta) -
FILE – This photo released by the National Transportation Safety Board shows a gaping hole where the paneled-over door had been at the fuselage plug area of Alaska Airlines Flight 1282, Jan. 7, 2024, in Portland, Ore. Boeing has refused to disclose who worked on the door plug that blew off a jetliner, according to the head of the agency that’s conducting the investigation. Jennifer Homendy, the chair of the National Transportation Board, also said Wednesday, March 6, 2024 that Boeing has failed to turn over documentation around work on the plane — or whether records even exist. (National Transportation Safety Board via AP, File) -
This image from video provided by Elizabeth Le shows passengers near the damage on an Alaska Airlines Boeing 737 Max 9, Flight 1282, which was forced to return to Portland International Airport on Friday, Jan. 5, 2024. (Elizabeth Le via AP) -
This image provided by Kelly Bartlett shows passengers near a hole in the fuselage of an Alaska Airlines Boeing 737 Max 9, Flight 1282, which was forced to return to Portland International Airport on Friday, Jan. 5, 2024. (Kelly Bartlett via AP) -
FILE – This photo released by the National Transportation Safety Board shows the door plug from Alaska Airlines Flight 1282 on Jan. 8, 2024, in Portland, Ore. Investigators say bolts that helped secure the panel on the Boeing jetliner were missing before the panel blew off the plane in midflight last month. The National Transportation Safety Board issued a preliminary report Tuesday, Feb. 6 into the Jan. 5 accident. The loss of the panel forced pilots of the Alaska Airlines Boeing 737 Max 9 jet to make a harrowing emergency landing. (National Transportation Safety Board via AP, file) -
FILE – This photo released by the National Transportation Safety Board shows a gaping hole where the paneled-over door had been at the fuselage plug area of Alaska Airlines Flight 1282, Jan. 7, 2024, in Portland, Ore. A “whistling sound” was heard on a previous flight of the Boeing 737 Max 9 whose door plug blew out during an Alaska Airlines flight on Jan. 5, an attorney representing passengers in a lawsuit against the companies said in new court documents filed Wednesday, Feb. 7. (National Transportation Safety Board via AP, File) -
A door plug area of an Alaska Airlines Boeing 737 Max 9 aircraft awaiting inspection is pictured with paneling removed at the airline’s facilities at Seattle-Tacoma International Airport on Jan. 10, 2024, in SeaTac, Wash. Boeing 737 Max 9 jetliners will carry passengers in the United States again, starting this weekend, for the first time since they were grounded after a panel blew out of the side of one of the planes. (AP Photo/Lindsey Wasson, File) -
This photo released by the National Transportation Safety Board shows the door plug from Alaska Airlines Flight 1282 on Monday, Jan. 8, 2024, in Portland, Ore. A panel used to plug an area reserved for an exit door on the Boeing 737 Max 9 jetliner blew out Jan. 5, shortly after the flight took off from Portland, forcing the plane to return to Portland International Airport. (National Transportation Safety Board via AP) -
This photo released by the National Transportation Safety Board shows the door plug from Alaska Airlines Flight 1282 on Monday, Jan. 8, 2024, in Portland, Ore. A panel used to plug an area reserved for an exit door on the Boeing 737 Max 9 jetliner blew out Jan. 5, shortly after the flight took off from Portland, forcing the plane to return to Portland International Airport. (National Transportation Safety Board via AP) -
This image provided by Kelly Bartlett shows passengers with oxygen masks on an Alaska Airlines Boeing 737 Max 9, Flight 1282, which was forced to return to Portland International Airport on Friday, Jan. 5, 2024. (Kelly Bartlett via AP) -
This image taken Sunday, Jan. 7, 2024, and released by the National Transportation Safety Board, an investigator examines the frame of a panel of Alaska Airlines Flight 1282 on a Boeing 737-9 MAX in Portland, Ore. Federal officials are investigating Boeing’s oversight of production of a panel that blew off a jetliner in midflight last week. (NTSB via AP)
The hearing comes after the NTSB displayed the actual door plug that blew off Flight 1282 at its lab.
So, what happened Jan. 5?
The incident occurred minutes after takeoff from Portland, Oregon, as the plane flew at 16,000 feet. Oxygen masks dropped during the rapid decompression and a few cellphones and other objects were swept through the hole in the plane. Passengers were terrified by the wind and roaring noise.
Despite a loss of pressure in the cabin, none of the 171 passengers or six crew members died, and the plane landed safely back in Portland. Only eight people on the aircraft reported minor injuries.
The door plug was found in a high school science teacher’s backyard in Cedar Hills, Oregon.
No one from the airline was called to testify this week before the NTSB. John Goglia, a former NTSB member, said that indicates the agency has determined “that Alaska has no dirty hands in this.”
The plane involved had been delivered to Alaska Airlines in late October and had made only about 150 flights. Shortly before the door panel blowout, the airline had stopped using the plane on flights to Hawaii after a warning light indicating a possible pressurization problem lit up on three different flights.
The accident led to several investigations of Boeing, most of which are still underway.
Boeing woes
Boeing has faced much scrutiny following the door plug incident, and the company has promised to improve its safety culture, including increasing inspections and improving employee training.
Tension remains high between the NTSB and Boeing. Two months after the accident, NTSB Chair Jennifer Homendy and Boeing got into a public argument over whether the company was cooperating with investigators.
Also, effective this week, Boeing announced its new CEO Robert “Kelly” Ortberg will replace former CEO Dave Calhoun.
Earlier this year, Calhoun faced pushback from lawmakers on Capitol Hill, with some accusing him of putting profits over safety.
Ortberg will be the company’s third chief executive in four and a half years.
The FBI has told passengers on the Alaska Airlines flight that they might be victims of a crime. The Justice Department pushed Boeing to plead guilty to a charge of conspiracy to commit fraud after finding that it failed to live up to a previous settlement related to regulatory approval of the Max.
Boeing, which has yet to recover financially from two deadly crashes of Max jets in 2018 and 2019, has lost more than $25 billion since the start of 2019.
Boeing also reported a $1.4 billion loss in revenue during its second quarter this year, which is around 10 times the loss it reported the same time last year.
The Associated Press contributed to this report.
